HISET Social Studies Practice

What is the primary function of federalism in government?

1. A system of government that centralizes power

2. A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments

3. A method to elect public officials

4. A process for international treaties

The correct answer is: A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments

The primary function of federalism in government is indeed that it establishes a division of power between the national and state governments. This framework allows for a balance of power, ensuring that both levels of government can operate independently in their respective realms. Federalism enables local governance to handle regional issues while allowing the national government to manage matters that affect the country as a whole. This division is foundational in the context of the United States, where it helps maintain a check on power, promotes local control, and encourages diversity in governance by permitting states to enact laws that may differ from federal legislation. The other options do not accurately describe federalism. Centralizing power is contrary to the essence of federalism, as it emphasizes distribution of authority. The method of electing public officials does not specifically pertain to the concept of federalism; rather, it relates to electoral systems and democratic processes. Similarly, the process for international treaties is a function of national government authority and does not involve the state-level powers that federalism encompasses.